How to Avoid Kidney Stones

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Kidney stones are hardened formations in the kidneys or urinary tract, resulting from the accumulation of existing crystals in the urine. His presence may go unnoticed without symptoms, but can also cause severe pain that starts in the back and radiates to the abdomen to the groin. It’s a pain that manifests itself in colic, that is, with a peak followed by pain relief. In general, these attacks may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting and require medical, hospital.

image picture kidney stones





Causes of kidney stones

* Insufficient volume of urine, or urine supersaturated salts;

* Large amounts of calcium, phosphate, oxalate, cystine, or lack of citrate;

* Metabolism of uric acid or parathyroid gland;

* Anatomical changes;

* Obstruction of the urinary tract.

Diagnosis

In addition to clinical evidence (signs of pain and blood in urine), kidney stones can be diagnosed by abdominal X-ray, ultrasound or by excretory urography, a more specific examination of the urinary tract.

Symptoms

* Blood in the urine;

* Suspension or reduction of urine flow;

* Need to urinate more often;

* Urinary tract infections.

Treatment

Contrary to what was recommended in the past during crises should be avoided excessive fluid intake. Excess fluid can increase the pressure of urine in the kidney and thereby increase the pain. The treatments can be of various types:

Medications can be given only by the physician taking into account the cause of stone formation. During the crisis, it is indicated the use of painkillers and potent anti-inflammatory drugs to relieve pain, which is extremely strong, almost unbearable.

* Lithotripsy, ie bombardment of stones by shock waves aimed at fragmentation of the calculation which makes their elimination in the urine easier.

* Percutaneous or endoscopic surgery: through the endoscope and through small holes, the calculation of the kidneys can be removed after fragmentation.

* Ureteroscopy: endoscopic, allows you to take the calculations located in the ureter.

Recommendations

* Drink plenty of water regularly. Two to three liters per day. This is the most important measure for preventing kidney stones;

* Use a filter paper when it may be eliminating a calculation. The analysis of its composition can guide the physician in choosing the most appropriate treatment;

* The use of pain medications must be prescribed by the doctor. Some of them are not recommended for people with stomach problems or pregnant women;

* Control your intake of foods rich in protein and calcium, if the calculations are made up of excess uric acid or calcium;

* Do not automedique or make their own diagnosis. Get medical attention, especially if you have severe pain back or abdomen and signs of blood in the urine.

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